Repeating after Chief Justice Earl Warren who has his left hand on the Fitzgerald family Bible, John F. Kennedy takes the oath of office on the East Portico of the U.S. Capitol on January 20, 1961. The onlookers include Mrs. Kennedy and President Eisenhower standing behind Chief Justice Warren and Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson and Richard M. Nixon standing behind President Kennedy. (Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration 111-SC-578830)

Richard,Tofel, Sounding the Trumpet: The Making of John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2005), 22.